Linguistic relativity, also known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, suggests that the language a person speaks shapes their perception and understanding of the world. This theory posits that the structure and vocabulary of a language determines the way people think, reason, and experience reality. On the other hand, Noam Chomsky's theory of Universal Grammar posits that all human languages share an underlying structure and grammar, which is innate to the human mind.
In essence, the linguistic relativity theory suggests that the way a person thinks is shaped by the language they speak, while the theory of Universal Grammar suggests that all humans have a shared linguistic capability. While these two theories may seem at odds with each other, they can be seen as complementary in that the structure of language (as described by Universal Grammar) may play a role in shaping thought and perception, as proposed by linguistic relativity. Ultimately, the relationship between these two theories is a matter of ongoing debate and research in the field of linguistics and cognitive psychology.
In essence, the linguistic relativity theory suggests that the way a person thinks is shaped by the language they speak, while the theory of Universal Grammar suggests that all humans have a shared linguistic capability. While these two theories may seem at odds with each other, they can be seen as complementary in that the structure of language (as described by Universal Grammar) may play a role in shaping thought and perception, as proposed by linguistic relativity. Ultimately, the relationship between these two theories is a matter of ongoing debate and research in the field of linguistics and cognitive psychology.